{"id":6231,"date":"2016-01-05T17:12:26","date_gmt":"2016-01-05T16:12:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.matematicaok.it\/?p=6231"},"modified":"2016-01-05T17:16:28","modified_gmt":"2016-01-05T16:16:28","slug":"sezione-aurea-o-rapporto-aureo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.matematicaok.com\/?p=6231","title":{"rendered":"Sezione aurea o rapporto aureo"},"content":{"rendered":"<p dir=\"ltr\">La sezione aurea, o rapporto aureo, \u00e8 il nome che viene dato ad una particolare costante matematica chiamata\u00a0\u03d5\u00a0= 1,6180339887\u2026 (numero irrazionale)<a href=\"http:\/\/www.matematicaok.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/Partenone.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-6233 alignright\" src=\"http:\/\/www.matematicaok.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/Partenone.jpg\" alt=\"Partenone\" width=\"150\" height=\"96\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.matematicaok.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/Partenone.jpg 327w, https:\/\/www.matematicaok.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/Partenone-300x193.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Per secoli, questo numero ha affascinato e influenzato generazioni di matematici, pittori, architetti, artisti in genere.<\/p>\n<p>Alcuni esempi:<br \/>\n&#8211; il Partenone, le cui dimensioni seguono le proporzioni del rettangolo aureo;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.matematicaok.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/SpiraleLog.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-6234 alignright\" src=\"http:\/\/www.matematicaok.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/SpiraleLog.jpg\" alt=\"Spirale Logaritmica\" width=\"150\" height=\"95\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.matematicaok.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/SpiraleLog.jpg 395w, https:\/\/www.matematicaok.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/SpiraleLog-300x190.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a><br \/>\n&#8211; svariati\u00a0dipinti di Leonardo da Vinci, tra cui la &#8220;Gioconda&#8221;, la &#8220;Venere della Roccia&#8221; e &#8220;L\u2019Ultima Cena&#8221;, sono stati realizzati seguendo strutture geometriche che fanno uso della<span style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">\u00a0costante\u00a0\u03d5;<\/span><br \/>\n&#8211; la spirale logaritmica di Jacques Bernoulli.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Come si ottiene la sezione aurea<\/span>\u00a0\u03d5<strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Se consideriamo\u00a0un qualsiasi segmento AB e lo\u00a0prolunghiamo\u00a0in modo da ottenere un nuovo segmento\u00a0AC\u00a0tale che\u00a0valga \u00a0la relazione:\u00a0 <strong>AC : AB\u00a0= AB : BC<\/strong> \u00a0 (*)<br \/>\nMa, come troviamo C? A quale distanza da A va\u00a0posizionato?<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.matematicaok.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/segmento_aureo.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-6235\" src=\"http:\/\/www.matematicaok.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/segmento_aureo.png\" alt=\"segmento aureo\" width=\"500\" height=\"101\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.matematicaok.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/segmento_aureo.png 927w, https:\/\/www.matematicaok.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/segmento_aureo-300x61.png 300w, https:\/\/www.matematicaok.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/segmento_aureo-768x155.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a><br \/>\nPonendo\u00a0AB = a \u00a0e \u00a0AC = x, quindi\u00a0BC = x-a, la relazione (*) diventa: \u00a0 x : a = a : x-a \u00a0<strong>\u2192<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0x (x-a) = a<sup>2<\/sup>\u00a0 \u2192 \u00a0x<sup>2<\/sup> &#8211; ax &#8211; a<sup>2<\/sup> = 0<br \/>\nQuesta equazione ha due soluzioni <strong>x<sub>1<\/sub> = <span id=\"MathJax-Span-145\" class=\"mi\">a<\/span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-146\" class=\"mo\">\u22c5 (<\/span><\/strong><span id=\"MathJax-Span-147\" class=\"mfrac\"><strong><span id=\"MathJax-Span-148\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-149\" class=\"mn\">1<\/span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-150\" class=\"mo\">+<\/span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-151\" class=\"msqrt\">\u221a5)\/<\/span><\/span><\/strong><span id=\"MathJax-Span-154\" class=\"mn\"><strong>2<\/strong> \u00a0;\u00a0x<span style=\"font-size: 13.3333px; line-height: 20px;\">2<\/span>\u00a0= <span id=\"MathJax-Span-145\" class=\"mi\">a<\/span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-146\" class=\"mo\">\u22c5 (<\/span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-147\" class=\"mfrac\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-148\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-149\" class=\"mn\">1-<\/span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-151\" class=\"msqrt\">\u221a5)\/<\/span><\/span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-154\" class=\"mn\">2 dove\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>x<sub>2<\/sub>&lt;0 quindi non accettabile trattandosi di un segmento.<\/p>\n<p>A questo punto definiamo il rapporto aureo <strong>\u03d5\u00a0= x\/a<\/strong> \u00a0<strong>\u2192 \u00a0<\/strong>\u03d5\u00a0= \u00a0[<span id=\"MathJax-Span-145\" class=\"mi\">a<\/span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-146\" class=\"mo\">\u22c5 (<\/span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-147\" class=\"mfrac\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-148\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-149\" class=\"mn\">1<\/span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-150\" class=\"mo\">+<\/span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-151\" class=\"msqrt\">\u221a5)\/<\/span><\/span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-154\" class=\"mn\">2 ] \/ a \u00a0<strong>\u2192 \u00a0<\/strong>\u03d5\u00a0=\u00a0<span id=\"MathJax-Span-146\" class=\"mo\">(<\/span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-147\" class=\"mfrac\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-148\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-149\" class=\"mn\">1<\/span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-150\" class=\"mo\">+<\/span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-151\" class=\"msqrt\">\u221a5)\/<\/span><\/span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-154\" class=\"mn\">2 =\u00a01,6180339887\u2026<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"MathJax_Display\">Propriet\u00e0:<\/div>\n<div class=\"MathJax_Display\"><strong>\u03d5\u00a0=\u00a0<\/strong><span id=\"MathJax-Span-606\" class=\"mtd\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-607\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-610\" class=\"mn\">1<\/span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-611\" class=\"mo\">,<\/span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-612\" class=\"mn\">6180339887<\/span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-613\" class=\"mo\">\u2026<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"MathJax_Display\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-619\" class=\"mtd\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-620\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-621\" class=\"mi\"><strong>\u03d5<sup>2<\/sup>\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-622\" class=\"mo\">=\u00a0<\/span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-623\" class=\"mn\">2<\/span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-624\" class=\"mo\">,<\/span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-625\" class=\"mn\">6180339887<\/span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-626\" class=\"mo\">\u2026<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"MathJax_Display\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-632\" class=\"mtd\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-633\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-634\" class=\"mi\"><\/span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-635\" class=\"mo\"><strong>1\/\u03d5\u00a0<\/strong>=\u00a0<\/span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-636\" class=\"mn\">0<\/span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-637\" class=\"mo\">,<\/span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-638\" class=\"mn\">6180339887<\/span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-639\" class=\"mo\">\u2026<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"MathJax_Display\">Ovvero il quadrato e il reciproco del rapporto aureo\u00a0hanno la stessa parte decimale di\u00a0<strong>\u03d5<\/strong><\/div>\n<div class=\"MathJax_Display\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La sezione aurea, o rapporto aureo, \u00e8 il nome che viene dato ad una particolare costante matematica chiamata\u00a0\u03d5\u00a0= 1,6180339887\u2026 (numero irrazionale) Per secoli, questo numero ha affascinato e influenzato generazioni di matematici, pittori, architetti, artisti in genere. Alcuni esempi: &#8211; il Partenone, le cui dimensioni seguono le proporzioni del rettangolo aureo; &#8211; svariati\u00a0dipinti di Leonardo da Vinci, tra cui la &#8220;Gioconda&#8221;, la &#8220;Venere della Roccia&#8221; e &#8220;L\u2019Ultima Cena&#8221;, sono stati&hellip; <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[193],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6231","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-geometria-piana"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p85Wmq-1Cv","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.matematicaok.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6231","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.matematicaok.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.matematicaok.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.matematicaok.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.matematicaok.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6231"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/www.matematicaok.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6231\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6244,"href":"https:\/\/www.matematicaok.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6231\/revisions\/6244"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.matematicaok.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6231"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.matematicaok.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6231"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.matematicaok.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6231"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}